Electrochemical stripping analysis

Electrochemical stripping analysis (ESA) is a trace electroanalytical technique for the determination of metal cations, inorganic ions, organic compounds and biomolecules. It based on pre-concentration step target analyte(s), or compound target, suitable working electrode. This followed by accumulated analyte using an technique. Advantages ESA include high sensitivity low limits detection, multi-analyte capability, cost instrumentation consumables, power requirements, potential on-site analysis, speciation capability scope indirect biosensing. Primer covers fundamental aspects discusses methods stripping, instrumentation, types electrodes sensors, guidelines method optimization, typical applications, data interpretation interferences, limitations workarounds. Finally, current trends future prospects are highlighted. Trace quantities anions, biomolecules can be measured electrochemical (ESA). describes principles ESA, including performing steps, optimization.